For much of the past 1000 years, Poland has had some of the most favorable policies in Europe towards Jews. Consequently, prior to WWII, it became the center of European Jewry, with a population of nearly 3.5 million Jews.
![The Carpathian Mountains stretch across Czechia, Slovakia, Poland, Austria, Hungary, Ukraine, Serbia, and Romania.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d9d558cefdbd642a3529184/1582402786911-PC9106HRRWC2RKNIRIEQ/KBCarpMt.png)
The Carpathian Mountains stretch across Czechia, Slovakia, Poland, Austria, Hungary, Ukraine, Serbia, and Romania.
![Jewish life in Poland from a woman's Family Tree Book](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d9d558cefdbd642a3529184/1583451991705-QXULV37N77931A39G90H/KBliPol.jpg)
Jewish life in Poland from a woman's Family Tree Book
![Jewish life in Poland from a man's Family Tree Book](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d9d558cefdbd642a3529184/1582773786496-09F6EGOGT59R5LQVFHA0/MBLIfeinPoland.png)
Jewish life in Poland from a man's Family Tree Book
![1934 Beuthen, Poland phone directory, synagogue, post office, 1923 map.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d9d558cefdbd642a3529184/1582402785899-60JZC0USAFQOW8NL9CLS/KBphnDir.png)
1934 Beuthen, Poland phone directory, synagogue, post office, 1923 map.
The telephone directory page contains several family surnames.
![Original Jewish birth and marriage certificates. Photos show nearby parks in respective seasons.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d9d558cefdbd642a3529184/1582402783584-L4Q8H7QAAHH12ZLPNJPL/KBbirCert.png)
Original Jewish birth and marriage certificates. Photos show nearby parks in respective seasons.
![Beuthen (also Bytom, Königshütte, or Roßberg) maps. Henriette lived by a train station.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d9d558cefdbd642a3529184/1582402780890-EP8C4DPSY1Y4RKU5AU7U/KBbeutMap.png)
Beuthen (also Bytom, Königshütte, or Roßberg) maps. Henriette lived by a train station.
![1920-30s photos of moorish style Beuthen synagogue, also young children.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d9d558cefdbd642a3529184/1582402746032-K79C8REKH9AK6BBGL4F3/KBkinder.png)
1920-30s photos of moorish style Beuthen synagogue, also young children.
![Przemysl, Poland. Medieval map, 1852 map, and modern aerial photo.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d9d558cefdbd642a3529184/1582402747858-66BCZ2HLM94W2HSHDZO0/KBprzmysl.png)
Przemysl, Poland. Medieval map, 1852 map, and modern aerial photo.
![Austria-Hungary map and history of WWI Siege of Przemysl](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d9d558cefdbd642a3529184/1582753007770-AQSON3HOH0C6ELGNLEK4/KBAustiaHungaryMap.png)
Austria-Hungary map and history of WWI Siege of Przemysl
![Photos of Przemysl Jewish City, Jewish Orphanage, and WWI Austrian-Russian history](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d9d558cefdbd642a3529184/1582419891178-LPCYCO8P4LV0U2WLB4O9/KBorphanage.png)
Photos of Przemysl Jewish City, Jewish Orphanage, and WWI Austrian-Russian history
![1880 drawings of Polish Jews and various professions. Photo of San River.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d9d558cefdbd642a3529184/1582419764215-KB032Y0GGNMO94JPF5FC/KBpzSanR.png)
1880 drawings of Polish Jews and various professions. Photo of San River.
![The Carpathian Mountains stretch across Czechia, Slovakia, Poland, Austria, Hungary, Ukraine, Serbia, and Romania.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d9d558cefdbd642a3529184/1582402786911-PC9106HRRWC2RKNIRIEQ/KBCarpMt.png)
![Jewish life in Poland from a woman's Family Tree Book](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d9d558cefdbd642a3529184/1583451991705-QXULV37N77931A39G90H/KBliPol.jpg)
![Jewish life in Poland from a man's Family Tree Book](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d9d558cefdbd642a3529184/1582773786496-09F6EGOGT59R5LQVFHA0/MBLIfeinPoland.png)
![1934 Beuthen, Poland phone directory, synagogue, post office, 1923 map.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d9d558cefdbd642a3529184/1582402785899-60JZC0USAFQOW8NL9CLS/KBphnDir.png)
![Original Jewish birth and marriage certificates. Photos show nearby parks in respective seasons.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d9d558cefdbd642a3529184/1582402783584-L4Q8H7QAAHH12ZLPNJPL/KBbirCert.png)
![Beuthen (also Bytom, Königshütte, or Roßberg) maps. Henriette lived by a train station.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d9d558cefdbd642a3529184/1582402780890-EP8C4DPSY1Y4RKU5AU7U/KBbeutMap.png)
![1920-30s photos of moorish style Beuthen synagogue, also young children.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d9d558cefdbd642a3529184/1582402746032-K79C8REKH9AK6BBGL4F3/KBkinder.png)
![Przemysl, Poland. Medieval map, 1852 map, and modern aerial photo.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d9d558cefdbd642a3529184/1582402747858-66BCZ2HLM94W2HSHDZO0/KBprzmysl.png)
![Austria-Hungary map and history of WWI Siege of Przemysl](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d9d558cefdbd642a3529184/1582753007770-AQSON3HOH0C6ELGNLEK4/KBAustiaHungaryMap.png)
![Photos of Przemysl Jewish City, Jewish Orphanage, and WWI Austrian-Russian history](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d9d558cefdbd642a3529184/1582419891178-LPCYCO8P4LV0U2WLB4O9/KBorphanage.png)
![1880 drawings of Polish Jews and various professions. Photo of San River.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d9d558cefdbd642a3529184/1582419764215-KB032Y0GGNMO94JPF5FC/KBpzSanR.png)